When the Cadillac CTS was introduced in 2002 for the 2003 model year, it boasted a rear wheel drive setup with a manual transmission riding on GM's stiff, strong Sigma platform. CTS was a cost-effective alternative to a European machine for its North-American buyers, and it competed largely with the likes of BMW, Audi and Mercedes. It was the first Cadillac in quite some time to really show that GM's luxury brand was really pulling up their socks.

2003 Cadillac CTS

In addition to posing a real threat to its competition, the CTS's big story was its styling- which showed off the brands new visual language and striking, angular lines. It's definitely not your grandpas Cadillac, though he may drive one anyway.

When shopping for a used example, look for features like a Bose audio system, navigation, xenon lighting, a sunroof and heated seats. Dual-zone automatic climate control was standard, as were a full suite of power accessories. You'll also find side and curtain airbags available, as well as stability and traction control, and tire pressure monitoring.

The entry level Cadillac was built in Michigan and offered with a selection of V6 engines, variable valve timing and several transmissions. Expect to find V6 engines ranging in displacement from 2.8 litres to 3.6 litres, producing between 210 and 255 horsepower, depending on the year in question.

Originally, CTS came powered by a 3.2 liter, 220 horsepower engine, with a 252 horsepower 3.6 liter unit joining the lineup in 2004. A year later, the basic 3.2 litre engine was dropped in favor of a slightly less powerful 2.8 liter unit with 210 horsepower. A five speed manual transmission was available until 2005, when a six-speed manual replaced it. Automatic transmissions were available for drivers who prefer to have the shifting done for them.

Owners mainly suggest opting for a model with the 3.6 liter engine, as it offers more power without much of a mileage penalty over the smaller unit. If you're looking for some more serious speed and power, consider sourcing out a Cadillac CTS-V, which boasted Corvette-derived thrust and serious, world-class performance. CTS-V came with a full complement of safety equipment as well as xenon lighting and a premium stereo. A few styling upgrades set it apart- as did it's pricing, which is considerably better than similar go-fast appliances from other parts of the world.

2004 Cadillac CTS-V

Standard CTS models weren't without their problems, though they come across as relatively minor in the grand scheme of higher-tech luxury cars. As with many all-new vehicles, headaches tended to be more prevalent early on- so if your budget allows, try and avoid the first-year (2003) CTS.
 
Early problems included a water leak onto the passenger side carpeting caused by an improperly shaped drain hose for the air conditioning. This could ice up and cause a leak into the cabin unless modified. The variable effort steering solenoid in 2003 models was prone to failure as well, resulting in a 'service steering system' warning light. A fuel gauge problem, additionally, may result in an empty reading after a fill-up if the engine's left running in the process.

Other problems spanning outside of 2003 included a possible failure of the automatic transmission caused by a fluid leak, as well as a possible buzzing or rattling sound coming from broken catalytic converter brackets.

Some owners report fussy sensors requiring frequent replacement, notably the crankshaft position sensors. Additionally, battery life may prove less than ideal because of its location and exposure to heat.

2003 Cadillac CTS-V

Online owners who post in forums advise potential CTS shoppers to pay attention to the rear differential on any year or model. Any groaning, moaning, clicking or grinding noise from the vehicle's rear end should be questioned, and the particular unit avoided. Changing a differential isn't a prohibitively expensive job in itself, though having one fail at speed can cause all sorts of headaches, including a serious accident.

On that note, you'll need a set of four snow tires to make the most use of the CTS in winter conditions, as the feel of its rear-drive setup on snow and ice may startle some drivers more used to front wheel drive vehicles. With traction control, stability control and proper tires, the rear-drive CTS can handle the snow nicely.

Check the standard used-car stuff out at the dealership before agreeing to purchase your used CTS. Is the oil clean or burnt looking? What condition are the tires in? Do they all have even wear across their entire surface, or does it look like the car may be in need of an alignment?

A quick poke around underneath the CTS on a hoist will reveal any dents, excessive rusting or leaks, and allow a mechanic to determine the shape of the vehicle's suspension. If everything checks out, the CTS should prove a mainly worry-free car. Avoid the 2003 and look for an extended warranty, and you'll be on your way to enjoying the most important Cadillac model in recent history.